Gain - the degree of amplification, the difference between the level of the signal at the entrance of the apparatus and the level of its output, usually expressed in decibels (dB). Nowadays, the maximum enhancement of video from video cameras is 32 dB, but resulting in increased noise in the image.

Hiperfocal distance - in optics - the beginning of infinity.

HAD - Hole-Accumulated Diode-structure of the CCD-sensor, designed to suppresses a type of electronic noise in the CCD.

HDTV - High Definition Television - or HDVS (High Definition Video System) - TV format with the possibility of wide-screen ratio of the sides of the frames (16x9, unlike that of a conventional 4x3) and a higher resolution.

Hertz - Hertz (Hz) - unit of measurement for vibration (in seconds). Cycles per second.

HF - Hochfrequenz (ge) - High Frequency (en.)

Hi-Fi - High Fidelity - High quality, high accuracy of reproduction.

Hiss - specific "background" noise generated in the audio derived from the microphones, amplifiers and tape.

Hum - unwanted parasitic low audible noise caused by improperly grounded or connected audio cable or chain.

Hyper HAD CCD - (See HAD) - Modern fast CCD-type converter with micro prizms on each element of the CCD-matrix. It avoids so called "Smear" in the image - the vertical light stripe caused by bright light source in the frame. On-Chip-Lens-technology increasea light sensitivity by iris of F8 at 2000 lux level and Signal to noise ratio 60 dB.

ILTS - Interline-Transfer Sensor - CCD convertor type with charges transmission by lines - not entire frame is transferred into the section to remember, but only parts of it - unlike FTS-sensor (See FIT / FTS).

In - Input.

Iris - Iris, diaphragm - round mechanical device, consisting of fine metal plates, built-in camera (in photo, film or video), allowing control over the amount of light that passes through the lens of the camera through the variation in the diameter of its central aperture (hole).

Lags - tails, lighting ropes in the image, the trend in TV vacuum tubes of old TV cameras to appear light parasite lines, especially noticeable in camera movement, when the frame contains bright light sources, causing "burn outs" . In this case, the big capacitor charge after the switching of electronic beam, is not diluted and fully formed in the next video switching, which precisely leads to the emergence of image detail which is lacking in the original.

Latent image - latent image (adverse), which remains on the screen (tubes) after the source of the signal no longer gives a signal.

LCD - Lead-Crystal Display - display with liquid crystals.

LED - Light Emitting Diode.

Lens hood - a sunshade, fixed to the front of the camera, preventing it from unwanted light reflections and occasional blicks.

Level - level (of signal).

Lux - unit of illumination. Illimunation is called the relationship between light flux falling on a surface, and the area of this luxury surface.A lux is created by a light flow of one lumen falling on one square meters surface, ie 1 lx = 1 lm/m2. The lower the value, the darker the picture. 0 Lux equals to full darkness, 0.25 lux is a full moon. The illumination in the sunny days varies from 32,000 to 100,000 lux. Cameras with parameters of more than 1 lux are suitable for work in well-lit rooms. Cameras that will be used for video recording at night should be equipped with infrared light, which illuminates the object.

Noise - noise; any unwanted signal that interferes and reduces the purity of certain useful signal - such as background static electricity (impedance) of each amplifier or recording device, in general - 40 to 60 dB below peak output level of the instrument.

NRS - Noise Reduction System - electronic circuits for noise suppression.

NTSC - National Television Standards Committee - National Television Systems Committee, it is called the American system of color TV videoformat based on 525 pieces encircling lines (series), speed of the strip about 30 frames per second. Application - mainly in the U.S..

OTR - One-Touch Timer Record - when pressing this button, recording can start immediately without any pre-programmed, by automatically setting the length of the record.

Out - Output (signal).

PAL - Phase Alternate Line - phase change in rows, so is called a color television system developed in the former West Germany. Application - especially in Europe. 625 TV horizontal lines, 50 semi-frames per second (two semi-frames form a full frame). Of these 625 horizontal lines, only 576 are used for the image. Others contain additional information such as VITC (vertical interval time code) and sinhroimpulses.

Pan - pan the camera left or right.

Persistence - properties of the human eye to retains an image on the retina, a moment after its source has disappeared (1 / 10 of a second).

Pixel - short for Picture Element - an element of the image, the base unit, which creates a video or computer image. Represents a point with certain color and brightness. The more pixels an image has, the greater is its resolution.

Power - a button to turn the supply voltage to the instrument.

PTZ - short for Pan-Tilt-Zoom and Panning - Tilting - Zooming. In literal translation means Rotate-pitching-coming. This means that the PTZ cameras can rotate on all axes and to approximate the image (optical). Movement can be controlled in many ways, such as hand - using a specialized controller or by commands sent by the DVR, computer or other device management using RS-485 or RS-422 interface. Cameras described as PAN-TILT means that they can rotate on all axes, but not near the image optically.

Quartz-halogen - lighting, meant to maintain correct color temperature of light flow. Produces more powerful flow, compared with conventional halogen lights at the same consumption of energy and resources beyond that of the halogen by about 100 times. These lamps are extremely sensitive to vibrations and shocks, should not touch with bare hands.

Rack - mechanical design for the arrangement of apparatus, which achieves compactness and easy connectivity.

RCA - an indication of the type of audio plug.

RCU - Remote Control Unit - see CCU.

Rec - Record - Recording.

Rem - Remote - remote control.

Reset - back to baseline status.

RGB (RGB) - Red, Green, Blue - red, green and blue colors. The primary colors in the color TV.

Receiver - receiver radio signal (RF signal) - radio, TV tuner or receiver.

Recorder - device, recording audio and/or video.

Resolution - the extent to which it is possible to distinguish or record at finest detail of the image. In the motion pictures, pairs of light and dark lines are measured per mm. In the TV is measured in scan lines (of the electronic beam crawl). Thus, the horizontal resolution (resolution) of a video camera can be measured by the number of visible vertical lines that are displayed along the screen. See TV Line.

RF - Radio Frequency - radio frequency, including radio or television.

SDI - short for Serial Digital Interface. Interface for digital data.

SECAM - SEquence de Couleurs Avec Mémoire - a sequence of color remember, a color television system developed in France. The video format is 625 lines, 25 frames per second.

Sensitivity - sensitivity, the ability of the instrument as a camera or microphone to light or sound waves, which it transformes into useful electronic signals.

Shutter speed - the duration of image exposure. In video this is achieved with electronic circuits and schemes. Typically, in strong enough light, the higher the speed of shooting, the more clear and focused image is.

Smear - see Flare

S / N - Signal-to-Noise ratio - the ratio of "signal level" to "noise level". In reaching a high correlation between them is given a clear picture without the "noise" in it and sound.

Standby - the instrument is "ready", the power of the camera or video recorder is turned off. Only the real-time or internal clock is working.

SUPER HAD - form a matrix developed by Sony. The highest quality is of SONY EXVIEW HAD CCD. With this technology, the effectiveness of lighting is improved dramatically as in the basis of the HAD (Hole-Accumulation Diode) sensor is incorporated light range close to the infrared and thus the camera becomes very sensitive even at very low light. The next model is SONY SUPER HAD CCD. This type of CCD matrix is developed by SONY. HAD a new type of diode, developed again by Sony. Generally this is a new technology and new type of CCD which dramatically increases the sensitivity of the sensor itself.

Timer - device for automatic turning on or off video recorder under the recording and / or playback mode.

Tilt - Camera movement up and down around the side of its axis.

TV Line - standard unit of measurement for determining resolution in analogue TV. Instead of marking the diskrets on the screen, like pixels in a digital frame, TV lines indicate the maximum number of changes (transition from white to black) that can be performed in a horizontal line in analogue television. In analogue television, the number of black and white (vertical) lines, which can be seen on the screen is used to determine TV lines. In the video surveillance, this parameter is used to determine the quality of the picture that a camera can achieve.

VCA - Voltage-Controlled Amplifier - Amplifier with control voltage.

Video gain - quantitative amplification of the video or audiosignal expressed in decibels (dB).

WBA - White balance adjustment - adjust the white balance of color necessary for the correct reproduction of colors including white as white and other colors based on it. In changing light conditions (changing the color temperature of light), white balance needs to be done again.

Zoom - a change of focus of the lens, zoom, vario, gradual change in the plan of the image frames from a general plan (wide) to detail (telephoto) and vice vers. This is done by a bracelet with a handle on the shooting lens, whose function is duplicated by two button combined potentiometer.

Zoom lens - variolens.

Zoom ratio - the ratio between the shortest and the longest focal distance of variolens. For example: 14-times objective is marked with "14x" means and focus (zoom) ratio 14:1.

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